introduction
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ISO 2846-1-2017 Printing technology – Colour and transparency of four-colour printing inks – Part 1: Offset printing on sheet-fed and thermoset inks web
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This document was prepared by the Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic Technology.
The third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2846-1:2006), which has been technically revised.
The main changes from the previous edition are as follows:
– Appendix A has been revised to replace the reference substrate and updated with references to other ISO standards.
A list of all the components in the ISO 2846 series can be found on the ISO website.
introduce
This document defines the color and transparency of lithographic inks. Different ink groups that conform to this document (for proof and production printing) will produce similar colors when printed on the same substrate with the appropriate film thickness. This enables the color separation of offset lithography to be based on known color references and simplifies the task of consistently printing the same image across multiple print sites.
ISO 2846-1-2017 Printing technology – Colour and transparency of four-colour printing inks – Part 1: Offset printing on sheet-fed and thermoset inks web
It should be noted that the specified colorimetric properties can only be obtained when the ink is printed on the reference substrate. However, the similarity of two inks on the reference substrate usually ensures the similarity on the other substrate, and it is this similarity that has led to the development of an industry specification or standard, such as ISO 12647-2[1], which specifies the color of these inks on other substrates.
The APCO II/II reference substrate used for many years is no longer available and has been replaced by a newly developed reference substrate, C2846, whose characteristics are similar to those of the old substrate in this document. If the new substrate is used for other purposes not specified in this document, a new reference may need to be identified.
The colors specified in the previous edition of this document are based on extensive measurements of commercial ink groups manufactured in Europe, Japan, and the United States. A working group of ISO/TC 130 process control and materials experts examined data sets from different countries when preparing this version and found that a set of color coordinates could adequately represent all three recommendations within reasonable tolerances. In addition, they found that the transparency of various inks can also be fully represented by a new evaluation method. The review conducted prior to the revision of this version indicated that the color and transparency of commercially available inks had changed little and that the characteristics specified in this document could be reconfirmed.
1 Range
This document specifies the color and transparency characteristics that each ink in a printed color ink set should meet for proof and production printing using offset lithography. It also defines the specified printing conditions (using a laboratory printability tester), the defined substrate and the test method to ensure consistency. The characteristics of inks for sheet paper, thermoset web and radiation curing processes are specified.
This document does not apply to fluorescent inks and does not specify pigments (or spectral characteristics-information excepting) so as not to exclude developments that may enable different pigment combinations to be used profitably while still meeting the colorimetric requirements specified in this document.
ISO 2846-1-2017 Printing technology – Colour and transparency of four-colour printing inks – Part 1: Offset printing on sheet-fed and thermoset inks web
2 Normative references
The following files are referenced in text in a manner that constitutes part or all of the requirements of this document. For dated references, only the cited version applies. For undated references, a new version of the reference (including any revisions) applies.
ISO 535, paper and board – Determination of water absorption – Cobb method
ISO 536, paper and board – Determination of gram weight
ISO 2144, paper, board and pulp – Determination of residues (ash) during combustion at 900 °C
ISO 2834-1, Graphic techniques – Laboratory preparation of test prints – Part 1: Adhesive inks
ISO 6588-1, Paper, board and pulp – Determination of the pH of water extracts – Part 1: cold extraction
ISO 8254-1, paper and paperboard – Measurement of mirror gloss – Part 1:75-degree gloss with converging beams, TAPPI method
ISO 8791-4, Paper and board – Determination of roughness/smoothness (leak method) – Part 4: print-surfing method
ISO 13655-2009, Graphic Technology. Spectral measurement and chroma calculation of graphic art images
ISO 2846-1-2017 Printing technology – Colour and transparency of four-colour printing inks – Part 1: Offset printing on sheet-fed and thermoset inks web
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.10° : 45° or 45° : 0°
The measurement geometry of the spectrophotometer conforms to the ISO 13655 geometry of 0° : 45° or 45° : 0°
3.28°:d I or di: 8°
Hemispherical diffuse geometry, including specular components, with an incidence Angle of 8° (8°: di) or an exit Angle of 8° (exrow) (di: 8°)
Note 1: The measurement geometry of the spectrophotometer does not conform to ISO 13655.
3.3 Ink
Printing ink
Composite materials containing colorants, functional components, carriers and additives
Note 1: In most cases, it is applied as a fluid to the substrate by a printing process and set or dried by a physical (evaporation) and/or chemical (polymerization, e.g. oxidation, radiation induction or other) process to form an image for decorative, informational or technical purposes.
3.4 Standard Ink
Technical ink
Inks (3.3) for four-color printing, when printed on a reference substrate and printed within the applicable ink film thickness range, comply with the colorimetric and transparency specifications of this document
ISO 2846-1-2017 Printing technology – Colour and transparency of four-colour printing inks – Part 1: Offset printing on sheet-fed and thermoset inks web
3.5 Transparency
The ability of ink (3.3) film to transmit light
Note 1: It is usually expressed as some measure of unwanted scattering.
3.6 Transparency Value T
The reciprocal of the slope of the regression line between film thickness and color difference of the ink (3.3) overprinted with color ink on a black substrate
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