perkenalan
ISO (Organisasi Internasional untuk Standardisasi) adalah aliansi global badan standar nasional (badan anggota ISO). Pengembangan standar internasional biasanya dilakukan melalui komite teknis ISO. Setiap lembaga anggota yang tertarik pada subjek di mana komite teknis telah dibentuk memiliki hak untuk diwakili dalam komite tersebut. Organisasi pemerintah dan non-pemerintah internasional yang berhubungan dengan ISO juga terlibat dalam pekerjaan ini. ISO bekerja sama dengan Komisi Elektroteknik Internasional (IEC) tentang segala hal standardisasi kelistrikan.
Rancangan standar internasional yang diadopsi oleh Komite Teknis akan diedarkan ke badan-badan anggota untuk pemungutan suara. Publikasi sebagai standar internasional memerlukan persetujuan paling sedikit 75% dari lembaga-lembaga anggota.
ISO standar internasional 8295 dikembangkan oleh Komite Teknis ISO/TC 61, Plastik, Subkomite SC 11, Produk.
The second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8295:1986), yang secara teknis telah direvisi.
Annex A to this standard is for reference only.
ISO 8295-1995 “Penentuan koefisien gesekan film dan lembaran plastik”
1 Jangkauan
1.1 This standard specifies methods for determining the starting and sliding friction coefficients of plastic films and sheets when sliding on themselves or other substances. The method is intended for use with non-adhesive plastic films and sheets up to a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm (hereinafter referred to as “Ini dirancang untuk plastik”).
1.2 This test method is mainly used for quality control. It does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the machinability of packaging or processing machines, as other effects are often involved, such as electrostatic charges, air cushions, local temperature increases and wear.
1.3 Static friction forces usually increase with the time of surface contact. Karena itu, this time span is specified in order to obtain comparable results.
1.4 Slippery properties are sometimes produced by additives in plastic materials. The additive has different degree of compatibility with the film matrix. They may bloom or seep to the surface and change slip characteristics. Since these effects are time-dependent, the measurement of such films needs to be related to the age of the film.
ISO 8295-1995 “Penentuan koefisien gesekan film dan lembaran plastik”
2 Normative Reference
The following standards contain provisions that, dengan referensi di sini, merupakan ketentuan Standar Internasional ini. Pada saat publikasi, versi yang ditampilkan valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties to an agreement based on this international Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the following new versions of the standard. IEC and ISO members maintain a register of currently valid international standards.
ISO 291:1977, Plastik – Standard atmospheres for regulation and testing.
3 Definisi
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1 Gesekan
Two surfaces in contact with each other will accumulate resistance to sliding. There is a difference between static friction and dynamic friction.
ISO 8295-1995 “Penentuan koefisien gesekan film dan lembaran plastik”
3.1.1 Static friction
Friction that needs to be overcome as a “ambang” at the beginning of sliding motion.
3.1.2 Dynamic friction
Friction that persists during sliding motion at a given speed.
3.2 Friction Force
The force needed to overcome friction. There is a difference between static friction force F S and dynamic friction force FD.
3.3 Normal force Fp
Force perpendicular to the contact surface.
ISO 8295-1995 “Penentuan koefisien gesekan film dan lembaran plastik”
3.4 Friction coefficient
The ratio of the friction force to the normal force perpendicular to the two surfaces in contact.
3.4.1 Static friction coefficient mml_m1
3.4.2 Dynamic friction coefficient mml_m2
Catatan 1: The friction coefficient of the film is usually between 0,2 dan 1.
Catatan 2: * Pada kasus ini, the coefficient of friction is a property independent of the test equipment and test conditions. Since thin films generally perform poorly, all test parameters are specified in this international standard.
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